Jfk Life Essays - Kennedy Family, Joseph P. Kennedy Sr.,

Jfk Life In November 1960, at the age of 43, John F. Kennedy became the youngest man ever elected president of the United States. Theodore Roosevelt had become president at 42 when President William McKinley was assassinated, but he was not elected at that age. On Nov. 22, 1963, Kennedy was shot to death in Dallas, Tex., the fourth United States president to die by an assassin's bullet. Kennedy was the nation's first Roman Catholic president. He was inaugurated in January 1961, succeeding Republican President Dwight D. Eisenhower. He defeated the Republican candidate, Vice-President Richard M. Nixon, by little more than 100,000 votes. It was one of the closest elections in the nation's history. Although Kennedy and his vice- presidential running mate, Lyndon B. Johnson, got less than half of the more than 68 million votes cast, they won the Electoral College vote. Kennedy thus became the 14th minority president. Because of the close vote, election results were challenged in many states. The official electoral vote was Kennedy 303, Nixon 219, and Senator Harry F. Byrd of Virginia 15. President Kennedy's great-grandparents immigrated to the United States from Ireland in 1858. They settled in Boston, Mass. His grandfathers, Patrick J. Kennedy and John F. (Honey Fitz) Fitzgerald, were born there. Both men became influential in state politics. Honey Fitz served several terms as Boston's mayor and as a member of the United States House of Representatives. Patrick Kennedy was a powerful ward boss and served in both houses of the Massachusetts legislature. Patrick's son, Joseph, was a brilliant mathematician. At the age of 25 he became the youngest bank president in the United States. His fortune continued to grow, and he was one of the few financiers to sense the stock market crash of 1929. He made hundreds of millions of dollars. Joseph married Rose Fitzgerald, daughter of Honey Fitz, on Oct. 7, 1914. Their first child, Joseph, Jr., was born in 1915. John was born on May 29, 1917. Seven other children followed: Rosemary, Kathleen, Eunice, Patricia, Robert, Jean, and Edward (called Teddy). All were born in Brookline, Mass., a suburb of Boston. Training Pays Off Joseph Kennedy, Sr., set up a million-dollar trust fund for each of his children. This freed them from future financial worry and allowed them to devote their lives to public good, if they desired. As the children grew, their parents stressed the importance of competitive spirit. One of their father's favorite mottoes was: Second place is a loser. The drive to win was deeply embedded in the children, and they never did anything halfheartedly. Their parents were careful to neglect neither the intellectual nor the physical development of the children. As they grew older, the children would eat their evening meals in two groups, divided by age. Mr. and Mrs. Kennedy ate at both meals. This allowed them to discuss subjects which were of interest to each group. All the children attended dancing school while very young, and all, with the exception of Rosemary, loved sports activities. Rosemary did not take part in rough-and-tumble play. The other children, however, thrived on it. Even when they were adults, one of their favorite pastimes was a rousing and often bruising game of touch football. On pleasant days, Mrs. Kennedy took her children for long walks. She made a point of taking them into church for a visit each day. I wanted them to form a habit of making God and religion a daily part of their lives, she said later in life. With this background, it was quite natural for John Kennedy and his brothers and sisters to excel in school and in sports. John attended public schools in Brookline. Later he entered private schools in Riverdale, N.Y., and Wallingford, Conn. In 1935 and 1936 he studied at the London School of Economics. Then he followed his older brother, Joe, into Harvard University. An excellent athlete, John was a star swimmer and a good golfer. His athletic activities, however, were cut down after he suffered a back injury in a Harvard football game. The injury was to plague him later in life. John and his older brother were very close. While a young boy, Joe said that someday he would be president of the United States.

Biology Focus Essay Example

Biology Focus Essay Example Biology Focus Paper Biology Focus Paper Scientists from the University of London found that arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi that live on shrubs are more likely to have contact with insects. Three species of annual plants were grown with and without the fungi. Insect visits to the flowers on the plants were observed randomly and recorded over a 2-month period. Control plants had no fungi growing on them. Gange and Smith found that the fungi had a symbiotic relationship with the plants which was beneficial for both. The fungi fed off of the plant. Plants with the fungi had an increased number of flowers and nectar reward for the insects; however, flower size was not affected. These findings are significant because, to date, only one other study analyzed whether the fungi can affect the behavior of pollinating insects. The results from this study by Wolfe et al. were similar to Gange and Smith in that the presence of fungi on these plants increased insect visitation. Wolfe et al. did not measure individual flower size. Also to date, this is the first study to assert that this fungi increases the nectar reward experienced by the insects. The implications of the fungi on plant reproduction, in general, are significant. The increased visits by insects whose intention are to pollinate may enhance the seed set and foster the production of more plants. In addition to indirectly enhancing the production of more plants, the fungi promotes the survival of plants in a particular plant community. The rationale behind this is that the fungi increase flower size and nectar reward for the plants. In return, these beefed up plants win the competition for insect visits as compared to plants without the fungi who may have smaller flowers and nectar reward. Bibliography Gange A, Smith A. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi influence visitation rates of pollinating insects. Ecological Entomology. 2005. 30;600-606. McGraw Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms. 2003. Wolfe BE, Husband BC, Klironomos JN. Effects of a belowground mutualism on an aboveground mutualism. Ecology Letters. 8;218-223.

Shortage of Nurses in the United States Research Paper

Shortage of Nurses in the United States - Research Paper Example Shortage of Nurses in the United States It is evident that the U.S. faces and is still facing a looming shortage of registered nurses within its healthcare centers. However, more effort needs to be established, especially by the government to ensure this problem ceases. Inside medical facilities such as nursing homes, rehabilitation facilities and schools among others, they play vital roles that ensures smooth daily running of such facilities. Failure to provide their services would lead to unimaginable adversity. For any medical facility to prevail, therefore, it is necessary that there be nurses, more than enough to carry out efficiently the duties delegated upon them. Despite the importance of nurses in medical facilities, the U.S healthcare facilities are facing a scarcity of nurses. The shortage level is on the rise annually and both long term and short-term solutions need to be addressed. This paper seeks to explore the existing shortage of nurses in the U.S. It analyses causes of such effects, then concludes by givi ng a summary of the research and the recommendations that might help solve the problem. Background In the 19th century when nursing was in its early stages in the US, icons like Florence Nightingale facilitated the nursing movement to help alleviate the serious deficiency of nurses that threatened healthcare staff and patients. The deficiency is still present to date, as can be witnessed in the past ten years where several U.S. healthcare facilities are facing acute shortage of nurses, a clear indication that the output of nurses is not meeting demand from the growing population. The shortage situation Although healthcare facilities in the U.S. are facing a deficiency of nurses, a situation that can compromise the quality of services offered in these facilities, many students are being denied admission into nursing schools. The resultant deficit has attracted the White House and political elite’s attention as the need to import foreign staff intensifies. Lois Capps, a Democra t U.S. Representative and a former nurse was quoted saying, â€Å"Nurses deliver healthcare† and that there cannot be meaningful healthcare with the deficit of nurses. The American Association of College of Nursing issued a report that 116,000 positions of registered nurses in U.S. healthcare facilities are vacant while 100,000 jobs remain unoccupied in nursing homes. The deficiency is anticipated to deteriorate, as the numbers of the elderly is on the rise hence need for more nurses. According to Robert Wood, a staff at the Association, "The nursing shortage is not driven by a lack of interest in nursing careers. In 2008, over 50,000 competent applicants were denied admission into nursing programs, including 6000 who applied for postgraduate of doctorate levels (Dunham, 2009, p.3). In ‘The Future of Nursing’ released in 2010, the Institute of Medicine called for an increment of baccalaureate-prepared nurses and nurses with doctorate degrees as the current levels of this staff stands at 50% instead of over 80%. The Health Resources and Services Administration in April 2006 projected that the deficiency of nurses nationwide would increase by 2020 to over a million nurses. In the report, ‘What is Behind HRSA’s Projected Supply, Demand and Shortage of Registered Nurses?’ all states in the U.S. will witness the deficiency. Currently, over 30 states are facing a shortage, as there are no nurses to fill in the positions. In a statement published by Journal of the American Medical Association in November 26, 2008, Dr. Peter Buerhaus, a professor of nursing was quoted saying

Article Critiques on Finance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Article Critiques on Finance - Essay Example Asian governments, "made sure their farmers, big and small, were able to avail themselves of fertiliser, irrigation and connections to markets". A large part of this credit goes to the Nobel laureate, Norman Borlang, who pioneered the green revolution. In Africa however, governments saw improvements in agriculture technology only as a " means to secure political favour, not the food supply". Hence the renewed interest in Africa is welcome to ensure that the benefits of the green revolution succeed at least at the second attempt. No nation will ever be able to enjoy political and economic stability unless it is self-sufficient in its food supply. Food is important in the developing and least developed countries because buying and selling of food accounts for a major chunk of economic activity. Improvements in the agriculture sector results in economic upliftment at the grass-roots level where it is most needed. The media industry was shocked when in September 2006, Viacom CEO, Tom Freston was sacked and replaced by Philippe Dauman, a corporate lawyer unknown in the media industry. This resulted in a sharp fall in the value of Viacom shares, until Dauman re-assured shareholders that there would be no major policy shifts in the near future.

Environment- Topics in Asian Studies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Environment- Topics in Asian Studies - Essay Example The discussion of the articles will provide a picture of how Asia has emerged as a strong player on the international market, as well as its role in the mitigation of pollution in each country. Outlook on Asian Environmental Status: An Anthropological View The current global trend is leaning towards the reduction of greenhouse gases and the alleviation of global warming. Several countries have already invested millions of dollars to develop technologies that will address these issues, mostly first world countries that have highly advanced industries, such as the US, Japan, and some European countries. However, several developing countries and third-world countries are still at risk of experiencing the adverse effects of pollution; either from land, air, water pollution, or from all of those. To further understand the environmental status of Asian countries, an in-depth look at each country will be discussed, as well as the legislations and government efforts that take place in these countries. One of the many Asian countries that experiences great environmental risks is South Korea. According to Kim Jung-Wk (2004), the stature of the country during the 1960s was focused on a proactive approach of improving the economy by increasing the density of industries, which undermines its traditional strict ethics of preserving the environment. South Korea was once a country that had high regard for nature. In the past generations, environmental crimes were mostly avoided by people due to the severe punishments that went along with it. Locals were keen on reducing wastes and pollution, certain practices were strictly observed on every possible aspect to minimize the use of natural resources, especially wood. Common practices include the design of houses and its strategic positioning making use of exhaust gas from cooking furnaces to provide heat for rooms, utilizing vegetable gardens and animals to recycle waste foods, and using ash and animal wastes as soil compost. In addition, government efforts in protecting the environment were strong during the time, considering the management of the mountains and forests as their number one priority (Jung-Wk, 2004). The Japanese invasion has resulted in turmoil in South Korea being the main reason for the destruction of the environment and destabilizing the strong environmental ethics of this once nature-loving nation. In 1910, reports indicate that a huge portion of the forest have already been reduced due to massive logging (Jung-Wk, 2004). Large shipments of timber were sent to Japan on a regular basis in order to fuel Japan’s war pursuits. Deforestation worsened during the period of the Pacific War which led to the inability of the soil to control flood and drought. This, in turn, resulted in the construction of several large-scale dams all over the country. The effects of deforestation also damaged the river systems and coastal areas. Large deposits of soil in the rivers made it shallow and coast s have been filled with clay deposits, this allowed land reclamation possible that even magnified the negative environment effects. In addition, the abrupt change in cultivated crops from mixed-culture and crop rotation to rice as well as the excessive addition of fertilizers and pesticides caused the fast degradation of the

General Strike of 1926 Causes and Impact

General Strike of 1926 Causes and Impact A general strike is when a group of workers from different industries all stop work in support of each other to win certain demands. This would bring the country to a halt and make it very hard for the Government to resist giving in to their demands. The general strike of 1926 was mainly for the miners; they had low pay and worked long hours. They wanted better conditions and equal rights for all. In this essay I shall assess the events leading up to the strike and have a look at all the short and long term causes of the strike. The coal industry before the war was booming. It was used for nearly everything and during the war the demand for coal increased even more. Because coal production was so important to the war effort the Government took over the ownership of the mines and ran them instead of the private owners. Improvements were made in conditions and pay for most miners. When the Government nationalised the mining industry miners hoped it would continue after the war. But in 1921 all mines were returned to private owners. After the war the coal mining industry went into decline. This was because, oil was used as a fuel especially in shipping, electricity became available, more efficient boilers were made, other countries began to mine coal and British pits had been over mined during the war and owners were reluctant to spend money modernising mines. When men from the war came home they found the promises made by Lloyd George were not met and if men have been fighting for their country for four years they are prepared to fight for their jobs and standards of living at home. There are many long-term factors, these are; conditions and pay of miners, at the time of the General Strike an average of two miners were killed per day. Miners were also suffering from ill health because of their work. Miners argued they deserved higher wages because of the risks they took. Mine owners made millions whilst miners were lucky to earn 50p a day. Miners felt they were being unfairly treated. Another long-term cause was the Sankey Commission. In 1919 the Government formed a Royal Commission to look into the problems of the coal mining industry. Lord Sankey led this commission, but it failed to come up with a solution to the problems of the miners. Most members favoured nationalisation but the Prime Minister, Lloyd George, refused to nationalise the mines. The decline of the coal, mining industry was a major one, during the decline of the mining industry owners had to increase hours and lower wages to maintain profits. Others were, Change of attitude after the war and nationalisation. A popular idea among trade unionists at this time was syndicalism this was the belief that several trade unions should go on strike together to bring the country to a halt and so take over the Government for working people. The Miners Union decided to increase their strength by combining with railwaymen and transport workers in a triple alliance. A strike in one of industries meant the other two would stop work as well, so it seemed sensible for them to join together and increase their strengths. A strike of three industries shall have a greater impact on the country and government than only one industry on strike. It shall be harder for the government to keep the country running, so they shall have to give in to their demands. In theory this was a great plan. In the 1920s in Britain, there was a great deal of industrial discontent. It began with the miners. As already discussed, the coal industry was in decline, since 1918. This meant mine owners had to increase hours and give less pay to keep profits going. They tried not to buy new machinery or improve mines, as this would eat away at their profits. In 1920 mine owners told miners their wages would be reduced. The miners decided to go on a strike with the other members of the tripe alliance (the National Union of Railway Men and the Transport and General Workers Union). It was understood that these two unions would join the miners in a sympathy strike. But on Friday 15th April the two unions decided not to support the miners and refused to go on strike. The miners called this Black Friday. It was a disaster for themselves and other trade unions. The miners went on strike alone but were defeated, they had to go back to work for even lower wages. Later other industries such as shipyards, printers and railway workers were forced to accept lower wages. The unions had learnt their lesson form Black Friday; a defeat for one union was a defeat for all. In the future they pledged to stand together. In 1925, coal prices fell yet again and owners wanted to cut wages just as they had done in 1921 but the miners were ready to strike developing the slogan, Not a penny off the pay, not a minute on the day. This time the other industries went on strike with the miners. The Government werent ready for a General Strike so they brought themselves time buy giving the mine owners a subsidy of  £10 million, to keep wages at the same level as they were before the wage cuts were made. This event became known as Red Friday (Friday 31st July 1925) and was seen as a total success for the working class. It also showed what could be achieved if the Trade Unions worked together. However, it was announced the subsidy would only last 9 months enough time for the Government to prepare for a G eneral Strike, if there was one when the subsidy ended. The Government set up a commission called the Samuel Commission, headed by Sir Herbert Samuel to deal with the problems of the coal mining industry. The short-term cause of the General strike was the Samuel Commission; the commission rejected nationalisation and said the government should end the subsidy. It agreed to wage cuts and said working days should be 7/8 hours long. The report sided completely with the mine owners since the whole commission was made up of rich industrialists. The Government immediately responded to the Samuel Commission. They declared the subsidy would end on 30th April 1926. The owners increased the hours and reduced wages by 10-25% with the support of the government. Many meetings were held but no agreement was made so on May 1st 1926 the miners went on strike for better pay and conditions. The government had been preparing for the strike for some time. They built coal stocks to last for 5 months, increased the number of special constables from 98,000 to 226,000, drew up detailed instructions for the army, navy and police to guard docks, telephones exchanges and power stations, gave money to the owners of haulage firms to put 200,000 vehicles at the Governments disposal and set up the OMS . The OMS was a group of about 100,000 volunteers who unloaded cargo from ships, drove buses and trains. People joined the OMS for a number of reasons. The middle class thought the strike was a threat to them and an attempt to ruin the country economically. Others joined for financial reasons, the Government paid constables  £2.31 a week plus food. The miners were on strike refusing to accept wages of  £1.58. The TUC (Trade Union Council) wasted their time. They never expected the Government to allow a General strike to happen. The miners made their positions weaker by getting a re cord level of coal output. This made it easier for the Government to stock up on coal reserves. When the General Strike began the TUC decided to bring out the workers in key industries railwaymen, transport workers, dockers, printers, builders and iron and steel workers. Nearly 3 million men were taken out of work. And later others like, the engineers and shipyard workers can be called out. In London, at the headquarters of the TUC, there was far less optimism than the workers who were prepared to stay out as long as it takes. There seemed to be little unity between trade union leaders. The Government were willing to let the strike continue, as they were prepared and confident they could last longer than the Trade Unions. The TUC had promised their support if an agreement was failed to be reached. So great efforts were made by the TUC to reach an agreement with the Government and mine owners to prevent a general strike. The discussions went on late into Sunday evening (May 3rd) and according to the main TUC negotiator an agreement was close when the Prime Minister, Stanley Baldwin, broke off the talks with the TUC. The reason for this action was that the printers at the Daily Mail newspaper had refused to print an article about the strike the Government had prepared. They were sympathetic to the miners. The TUC apologised but Baldwin refused to re-open talks. Baldwin knew he could win, they had prepared for the strike and knew the TUC couldnt last that long. But in response to the breakdown in negations, the TUC sent strike negations to the Transport, Railway, Dock, Print, Electric and Steel and Chemical workers. The General Strike began on Monday 4th 1926. The TUC argued that the miners were facing longer hours with lower pay, imposed by mine owners to keep profits up. They said it was an Industrial Dispute between bosses and their workers. The TUC also believed if the miners were defeated it would lead to lower wages for all workers. It was a struggle for all working class people not just the mining community. The Government argued this was a Constitutional issue and that the Trade Unions were building up their strength to overthrow the Government. The Government did this to worry people and get them to side with the Government and it worked. Historically it can be seen that the TUC only wanted better pay and conditions. They were not calling for a socialist revelation to over throw the government. The General Strike in 1926 started because of the conditions of the miners. Other workers realised if they didnt support the miners their bosses may lower their wages knowing nothing shall be done as they had previously seen in the case of Black Friday. This was the primary reason why the TUC found the idea of a General Strike appealing, they knew if they stuck together their demands should be met The Government did not want nationalisation; they were prepared and ready for the prospect of a General Strike. Time was on the governments side and their excellent preparations for the strike led to the governments victory I feel the TUC should have been more prepared for the strike and built their case more for the general public to see that the workers were being unfairly treated by the business owners together with the support of Government. Additionally, all the unions should have shown greater solidarity if they had any hope of obtaining better working conditions and pay. Although the idea of a General Strike is theoretically unstoppable there were measures the Government could taken to avoid the strike, by the Government breaking off negotiations just when a deal seemed possible it seems that the Government wanted the strike to go ahead in order to break the resolve of the unions and set an example that a general strike could never succeed, and they should have been more aware. How accurate is this interpretation of the General Strike as a violent dispute? Use the sources and your knowledge to explain your answer. The General Strike started on the 4th may and lasted until the 12th May; throughout this time some areas were hit by violence from striking workers, leading it to be an idea of a violent dispute. There is presented evidence which backs up the idea that the strike was a violent dispute in a few areas, especially the docks. This essay will measure how precise source C is at interpreting the violence of the location using evidence obtained from looking at other resources. The restrictions of the source will also be evaluated to decide any omissions or possible uneven analysis. The sight depicted in source C is definitely an aggressive one, there are many policemen with the crowd of strikers and not many of the strikers are being controlled. This illustrates that the circumstances were out of control causing a great deal of force to be required. This is helpful to show how violence was coped with throughout the strike given that 200,000 special constables were under oath to support the police if strikes took place. Similarly the armoured vehicle just before the front of the portrait implies that plenty of force was necessary to put an end to the strikes which took place. Equally to the points mentioned above an equipped officer is illustrated in the image aiming a machine gun. This tells us that the soldiers felt endangered by the amount of violence being used and were prepared to use arms to look threatening- especially with his finger on the trigger showing that he was ready to open fire. On the other hand this could also illustrate that the soldiers used weapons to frighten and irritate the strikers causing further violence, as The British Worker wrote that this was happening. This tells us that violence was used regularly by both sides of the strike. The information given in the source is useful in terms of portraying the strike as violent and with the advent of the machine gun pointing at the crowds the painting shows an image of a brutal state willing to open fire in order to oppress its people. During the period of this paining it was an era of communism and socialism spreading and the pictures tries to draw some parallel in terms of oppression and class war. Nevertheless, there are also several restrictions in the source which cause it not to be completely dependable. For example, the picture depicted is close by a dock; this is exposed by the cranes shown in the surroundings of the image. The London Dock was the only district in which it was essential for soldiers to be called in and maintain order. The docks in general were mainly well-known areas that strike took place in. Consequently, the sources consistency is in subject as it does not correspond to the whole country and in many places there were no strikes at all, for that reason it is an unreasonable judgement of violent disputes. Only 4,000 people were prosecuted for violence or incitement to violence out of the millions of people striking, which is an extremely small number proportionally. It is an image of a food convoy, which were usually violent events; so it is not possible to suppose strikes similar to these took place every day, hence the stability of them is not possible to conclude. An additional unreliable point is that it was painted for the Electrical Trade Union which suggests it can be pro-union and so exaggerating the strength of the soldiers to make it appear if the strikers were being forced. In support of the above reasons we cannot trust the consistency of the image even though it does suggest some helpful information. Even though the image has numerous implications of violence, it does not actually show any real violence. Nevertheless it is acknowledged there were cases of violence and these are mislaid in this source. For instance, there are reported cases of attempts to deflate tyres and of throwing stones to butt in the movement of those who black-legged the jobs. An additional example was noted where strikers tried to damage a railway line. Other examples of violence used in the General Strike are given from source A, so it does not give the full picture of the types of violence being used, which it would also be vital to know when studying violence used in the General Strike. The painting was painted in 1964. So, at the time there was communism in Russia, and the fear of communism taking over in Great Britain was high, so the Electrical Trade Union wanted to make Communism and Socialism look better than Conservatives. Overall, Source C is a precise explanation of violence in some areas and how order was kept by soldiers of armed policemen; yet its consistency should be questioned given that the view shown was at a food convoy near a dock- both were the most ordinary areas of violence during the strike. It could also be questioned whether the artist was biased since he was painting the image for the Electrical Trade Union. There is also a need of information about violence in erstwhile areas of England, and in relation to dissimilar types of violence used; consequently it is helpful in the direction of studying violence in the General Strike alongside with other sources, but not on its own. Lastly Source C is an accurate explanation of the war, but not sufficient information can be drawn for it to be entirely helpful by itself and there is an explanation to consider why it is not entirely reliable. Is There Sufficient Evidence in Sources A to E to Explain Why the T.U.C. Called of the General Strike? The General Strike was stopped by the Trade Union Congress on the 12th May 1926. Whether it was a working class conflict in opposition to the establishment or an uprising of the unthankful lower classes, it was a stepping stone in Trade Union movement, however it did not appear so for a while later when Trade Unions lost value and resources. The Strike pulled the labour class mutually to work for one reason and it proved that the essential ideas of Trade Unions were well stuck. The General Strike was not continued for several reasons which I will summarize in the following essay. I will consider sources A to E and see if there is sufficient evidence controlled within them to make clear why the T.U.C. called off the General Strike. The Government had organized for the Strike extremely enhanced than the T.U.C. which was in excess of confidence after the new subsidy in 1925. The government had used the more nine months to prepare for an all-out strike and they did a number of things. Firstly, they prepared Organisation for the Maintenance of Supplies, where the nation was broken up into regions and every one had volunteers to keep essential services available such as, food supplies and transport. There was sufficient coal to supply electricity. Also, the primary members of the British Communist Party were detained and imprisoned for sentences of 6-12 months, under the Incitement to Mutiny Act. The Chancellor of the Exchequer Winston Churchill was in charge of making a certified government newspaper for the duration of the Strike. The British Gazette was extremely biased as it was written by the government. The key aim of the General Strike was to hold-up Britain. Not including a total shutdown of the British nation, the Strike would have had slight impact. Source B can be reliable as it is a photograph from the time, shows us that the nation still had a skeleton transport scheme, only 40 buses from a fleet of 4400 were in operation however necessary supplies were being delivered. Consequently from this source we can see that the Strike was not having a huge impact or the consequence wanted by the T.U.C. Black-leg workers were middle class and jobless people who filled in the jobs of people who were on Strike. E.g. they drove busses and trains. If Britain did not have them, Britain would have totally closed down and the Strike would have been effective, however the majority of the men were pleased to help. The trouble was black-leg labourers were proving to be to some extent excellent at filling in for the strikers who became terrified of losing their jobs eternally and so they returned to work. However, the Source B photo may also be seen as a staged photo as the policeman in the photo appears to be posing for the photo. The government was provoking the strikers to become violent. They had armed policemen and soldiers protecting food convoys and the black-leg labourers, as if daring the Strikers to battle. An extract from English History 1914-1945 says, Churchill tried to provoke conflict by parading armoured cars through the streets. We can see how the government tried to do this from photographs taken during the Strike, though from the photos we can also see the peacefulness of the crowd. In Source C we can see a painting of sturdy, well-fed strikers fighting at the Docks. This was obviously not the real condition the men were in as Britains populations consisted mostly of under nourished, over-worked males-who would have been worse due to the Strike. This source is bound to be unreliable and biased because it was drawn by a member of a Trade Union 28 years after the end of the Strike, even though there was some violence the painting shows just a snapshot of the whole picture and what was happing a cross the country. From Source A we learn that altogether 4000 people were prosecuted for violence or incitement to violence and about a quarter of these received prison sentences. This is an inconsequential number among the millions of strikers and not a major reason to call off the Strike but if there had been aggression the T.U.C might have never recovered. For if there had been hostility the Trade Unions would have lost the sympathy vote and therefore most of their support. Source A is relatively reliable because it is written after the event by a third party. The government could have created far more effective propaganda from a violent strike than a peaceful one. The government also used propaganda to incite brutality. The main line of attack was through The British Gazette, but the strikers had a newspaper too, The British Worker, and they were able to combat the propaganda and broadcast messages, encouragement, warnings and advice to their followers. The sources from both ne wspapers announcing the end of the Strike use words that conjure up images of war, for example, surrender, peace and unconditional. In my view this was a final attempt on both sides to justify the Strike, as wars are thought of as just causes by some and would make the government happy because they had victory and the workers more angry and devoted to their cause due to their losing. The Strike had lost some early support due to a number of peoples believing that the Trade Unions were attacking the British system of government and attempting to overthrow it. They linked it to the Russian Revolution which was known for its violence and brutality (towards the upper classes). The Russian Revolution had begun with widespread strikes and troubled workers, so people were afraid. Also individuals were afraid of syndicalism, the belief that the workers should run the industries as this is rather like communism and would leave many factory and mine owners redundant or in the same circumstances as their own workers. Some early support for the Strike had dried up, perhaps it was going on for too long and people lost interest or perhaps supporters became worried as to how it would affect themselves and their jobs. The Strike could be perceived as a class war and this is illustrated in Source C which shows workers united and fighting for a common cause against a brutal govern ment. Perhaps people believed the working classes were trying to hold the rest of the country to account for its hardships. Others believed it was just two obstinate groups of people on a collision course and assumed they would work out their problems. Unity in the Trade Union Congress might have been fractured. In a source I have seen; a Punch Cartoon from April 1921 An Employers View of the Triple Industrial Alliance there is a three headed dog representing Cerberus-guardian of the gates to the underworld. The three heads, labelled transport, miners and railways are different. Miners looks angry and unsettled whereas the other two look tired and fed up. This shows where most of the turmoil in the T.U.C. was coming from. The miners head is in the middle- as if it is controlling the other parties. Though this is from an employers viewpoint it cannot be ignored as the miners seem, throughout the Strike and even before, to be the angriest, most dangerous of the groups-perhaps the others werent quite so supportive of the Strike and didnt want it to drag on. Another place we can see the miners playing a domineering role in the Strike is Sources D and E. These both state that negotiations are to be resumed in the coal dispute and that t he miners call delegate conference. There is no mention of the other groups of people on Strike-the miners clearly were forthright and more important. So to conclude these sources can tell us opinions and views on the General Strike from both sides but they are mostly biased due to the uses they served. . Source A shows that the strike was mainly peaceful and the government was not able to provoke them which reflects that the strikers were not angry about the strike and hence were looking for a peaceful end to the strike as soon as possible. Source B is vital in explaining why the strike was called off as it shows that the strike was not having the desired effect since goods and services were still being provided by the government. Source C portrays a violent picture but this was not the case across the country. The painting shows that the unions did not have much option but to have a strong, united confrontation with the government but most of the strikers did not have the desire for this and the unions failed to keep the strike going by not being able to have deep unity. Source D shows that the strikers were somewhat glad the str ike was over and tried to show that it ended as they had achieved their aims through negations and there was no need to continue with the strike. This puts on a brave face in the face of what in fact was a defect of the Unions that led to the end of the strike. Source E shows that the government had totally defeated the unions and hence ending the strike, although this was a government paper and can be seen as biased, it turns out to be true as the unions did not achieve any of their aims. However, the two newspaper articles announcing the end of the General Strike are very brief and showed how the government and T.U.C. were trying not to draw great attention to it, as if both sides agreed it was an embarrassment. At the end of the Strike the T.U.C may have hoped that new and unofficial proposals by Sir Herbert Samuel would permit the miners and mine owners to renew negotiations. This was not so. Most men got their jobs back but 3000 men endured recrimination from employers and the railwaymen had to accept pay cuts on return to work. The miners remained on strike for several months. They were ultimately forced back to work after hunger and cold, under the conditions they had neglected in April. All the recommendations of the Samuel Commission, including the ones the government had accepted, were ignored.

The Discovery Of Economy Essay -- essays research papers

It is a pristine tradition that much matters to a nation, when it comes to issues irrelevant to human development. Speaking in terms of reality, the economic boom of a nation is what human development all about. Now let us profoundly analyze what exactly is the economic boom of a nation. As we begin our analysis, it is highly important for the reader to be enlightened with the fact that it is necessary to think the right way if he has to understand this immensely valuable message. The reader will have to discredit all economic and political concepts and thoughts in considering the planet earth as a single nation and its people as just its citizens with no individual nationalities. Thinking this way alone can make this message more comprehending. Today everyone knows the fact that the world has, due to the advancement in human transportation and communication technology, virtually shrunk to a small global village. Much gossip is evident in the electronic media on the virtual currencies in circulation on the Internet. So it is clearly evident that it solely depends on the way we think, for which each single nation is a proof. Let us consider for example that if fifty states of the USA are divided into fifty nations, then fifty different currencies come into existence with different living standards in each nation. Formalities and barriers will have to be braved by the people as for the flow of people, goods and services from one state to the other. Bureaucratic interference will always remain whenever there is an exchange of business, trade or travel between any two nations from among the fifty. On the contrary if the fifty are again merged into a union of the USA, then there is no need for working out on policies, sovereignty , constitutional amendments, economy, GDP's, GNP's, exports and imports of the fifty states with each state as a separate nation. Similarly let us apply the concept to all the so-called countries of this world considering them to be a single nation at least in economic terms, if not socio-politically. Let us keep in mind the fact that the all the nations of the world, just for the purpose of serving their selfish national ends, have been committing blunders on the economy of this world. Because of the absurd and weird reason that we are socio-politically, culturally, lingually and in many other aspects different from each other, we h... ...0. A coke can in India may be Rs. 15 or more and if it is being bought by 10 million people per day then at Rs. 1 or 2, certainly 200 million people at least will buy it every day. The electricity and medical services must be free of cost and should be considered as a mandatory requirement for all the people of earth’s expanse. Let any form of government rule the world union’s so-called nations. Let us pave way to the economic development of the masses of this world, being irrespective of whether a nation is ruled by a military regime or democracy or any other form of Government. Let the penal code be the strictest of all human times. Let us value human or victim’s rights more than criminals’ rights. For some time the world will have to abandon all sporting events, and unnecessary re-search in space, cloning etc. and plan in a smart manner the smooth and speedy union of all nations of this world into a single nation. Let us make nations a single market for all businessmen on Earth’s land, and earth’s Union a home for the entire community of this world with a healthy, wealthy and hygienic environment, which is economically sustainable, viable, affordable, prosperous and livable.

Case study: Managing Customer Quality Service Essay

There are number of reasons show the difference of LCV between these two stores. First of all, when people go in a shop, they look for what they want, and then the first important consideration comes up from their mind is the PRICE. Price is the amount of money that charged for a product or service. In reality, people like comparing prices on the same brand of product from different shops to find out which one can meet their budget. In the case study, Laura spends more amount of money in the second newsagent each week is probably because of its price is higher than the other one. However, â€Å"Price alone rarely provides a long-term competitive advantage.† (Jacques Horovitz 1990, p.30) This statement emphasises even if a business sells its products at a lower price, but in the long run, the business may still not compete against the other businesses because today’s customers want more psychological needs rather than cheap price, and they are increasingly difficult to satisfy. This statement also leads to the next point. Lastly, the element that goes after price would be QUALITY SERVICE. Nowadays, the quality of service is usually twice as important as price and it has become a major factor in many purchase decisions. For example, one day I went to a coffee shop to buy a cup of coffee, the assistant kept talking on her phone so I stood there for about three minutes and waited, but she still ignored me, therefore I rather went to Gloria Jeans to buy an expensive cup of coffee instead of standing there and wasting my time. â€Å"Service comes from people, not companies.† (Catherine Devrye 2000, p.8) This statement indicated that service only exists in human experience. If we cannot provide quality service to our existing customers, they may hide from their dissatisfaction with service; but if customers dissatisfied with their first experience are almost always lost customers. So, Laura prefers to go to the second newsagent which may cost more but she paid for what she wanted and it is worth because she can have Chris’s friendly smile and kindly greeting. Thus, the difference in price and the level of service quality in business can lead to a difference in LCV of each store. Q2) How would you rate the level of service provided by the two newsagents? Why?I would give two out of 5 of the service provided by the first newsagent  because in the article it says † The owner never appears to recognise her.†, which indicates that the owner has no interaction or communication with customers and this also shows that he does not concentrate on the service he should provide. Despite, the store has a large range of goods and is well laid out and clean, but the owner doesn’t treasure this as an opportunity to attract more new customers. On the contrary, he provides bad service or even no service to customers which may due to people start leaving his business and work for his competitors. For the new newsagent, I would rate four out of 5 to the service it provides to its customers because the owner, Chris, greeted Laura with a smile and asked if she needs any help. This is a good example of good quality service. â€Å"Service goes beyond friendliness or kindness.† (Jacques Horovitz 1990, p.3) So, by asking questions and listening carefully to the answers can make customers feel that they are not by themselves, they got someone to look after and finally they enjoy going in there. Moreover, Chris understands the concept of treating customers as long-term appreciating asset, will help to build image and trust of her store and hence to attract more new customers and increase their loyalty. Q3) Although Laura shopped at the first newsagent regularly, was she loyal? Do you think the first newsagent confused â€Å"satisfaction† or even â€Å"nowhere else to go† with loyalty? Why is this dangerous for a business? How would you advise the first newsagent to proceed if she is to retain her customer base? In your answer, include a discussion on meeting the psychological needs of customers. Although Laura shopped at the first newsagent regularly but she was not loyal to the business. I think the first newsagent confused the concept of both â€Å"satisfaction† and â€Å"nowhere else to go† with loyalty. Satisfaction is a form of attitude that contributes to customers. â€Å"Customer satisfaction is the ultimate objective of every business: not to supply, not to sell, not to service, but to  satisfy the needs that drive customers to do business.† (Mack Hanan / Peter Karp 1991, xi) Every business needs to generate some level of customer satisfaction in order to increase loyalty. Otherwise, no satisfied customers, it would have no business. Unlike satisfaction, â€Å"loyalty can be defined in term of buying behaviour.† (Jill Griffin 1995, p.31) A loyal customer is the one who makes regular repeat purchases, has a specific bias about what and who to from and generates â€Å"word-of-mouth†. It is dangerous for a business because the owner who might assume the customers keep coming back because he satisfied their wants and they are loyal, but in fact they are nowhere else to go. Besides, if a new and the same type of business opens in the same area, it can be a disaster, new challenge and obstacle to the existing business because people always like to try new things and new businesses always generate attractive promotions to attract new customers such as discounts, join member for free or free gift etc. As a result, it can cause the existing business starts losing its regular customers because of poor customer service or higher price in products. Eventually it leads to a loss in sales and profits, reputation and cost a lot of time to reform and attract new customers. There are many ways to retain customer base in the first newsagent. Firstly, there is a simple way to learn about customer satisfaction in your business which is to conduct a satisfaction survey. A satisfaction survey is an important tool for business to collect customers’ opinions and points of view, and it also gives the insight of what most customers want and expect. Therefore, the questions in the survey need to focus on the various aspects of quality and customer service. Once the survey results are collected, it is necessary to analyse and identify each one of them and finally applies to the newsagent where it is necessary,Secondly, the owner in the first newsagent needs to generate more interactions with her customers because talking to your customers is a good chance to build up their loyalty and understand more about their wants. â€Å"Customers are not loyal to products.†Ã‚  (Mack Hanan / Peter Karp 1991, p.155) Customers are loyal to your service. If you can provide good quality service and satisfy their wants, they can become your loyal customers. Meanwhile, the owner needs to meet customer’s psychological needs such as to greet customers with a smile on your face and ask if they need any help in particular, because some people are scared or shy to ask questions. So that, by asking questions and listening carefully to the answers would make customers feel you understand what they ask for, and you are looking after them in order to satisfy their wants. Lastly, the owner should search for some special touches with her customers regularly such as discounts, longer working hours, join member for free or free gifts. That will help the business to stand out from the crowd because customers always want you to take an extra step to please them. Thus, by conducting a satisfaction survey, meeting customer’s psychological needs and providing special touches with customers will help the first newsagent to retain its customer bas and hence to increase revenue, loyalty and reputation of the newsagent. Q4) What opportunities are there in a newsagency to provide sensational moments of truth?There are number of opportunities to provide sensational moments of truth in a newsagent. The aisles are clear of debris. Customers always receive correct change. Customers wait in a queue less than three minutes. The person at the checkout is efficient. All staffs greet customers with a smile, have a small talk and customise goodbye to customers. Goods that customers want are stocked and attractively displayed.

Free Essays on Facism

Facism Fascism is a form of counter-revolutionary politics that first arose in the early part of the twentieth-century in Europe. It was a response to the rapid social upheaval, the devastation of World War I, and the Bolshevik Revolution. Fascism is a philosophy or a system of government the advocates or exercises a dictatorship of the extreme right, typically through the merging of state and business leadership, together with an ideology of aggressive nationalism. Celebrating the nation or the race as an organic community surpassing all other loyalties. This right-wing philosophy will even advocate violent action to maintain this loyalty which is held in such high regards. Fascism approaches politics in two central areas, populist and elitist. Populist in that it seeks to activate "the people" as a whole against perceived oppressors or enemies and to create a nation of unity. The elitist approach treats as putting the people's will on one select group, or most often one supreme leader called El Duce, from whom all power proceeds downward. The two most recognized names that go along with Fascism is Italy's Benito Mussolini and Germany's Adolf Hitler. The philosophy of Fascism can be traced to the philosophers who argue that the will is prior to and superior to the intellect or reason. George Sorel, Friedrich Nietzsche, and Georg Hegal are main philosophers who's beliefs and ideologies greatly influenced the shaping of Fascist theory. Sorel (1847-1922) was a French social philosopher who had a major influence on Mussolini. Sorel believed that societies naturally became decadent and disorganized. This decay could only be slowed by the leadership of idealists who were willing to use violence to obtain power. Nietzsche (1844-1900) theorized that there were two moral codes: the ruling class ( master morality) and the oppressed class (slave morality). Nietzsche believed the ancient empires were developed from t... Free Essays on Facism Free Essays on Facism Facism Fascism is a form of counter-revolutionary politics that first arose in the early part of the twentieth-century in Europe. It was a response to the rapid social upheaval, the devastation of World War I, and the Bolshevik Revolution. Fascism is a philosophy or a system of government the advocates or exercises a dictatorship of the extreme right, typically through the merging of state and business leadership, together with an ideology of aggressive nationalism. Celebrating the nation or the race as an organic community surpassing all other loyalties. This right-wing philosophy will even advocate violent action to maintain this loyalty which is held in such high regards. Fascism approaches politics in two central areas, populist and elitist. Populist in that it seeks to activate "the people" as a whole against perceived oppressors or enemies and to create a nation of unity. The elitist approach treats as putting the people's will on one select group, or most often one supreme leader called El Duce, from whom all power proceeds downward. The two most recognized names that go along with Fascism is Italy's Benito Mussolini and Germany's Adolf Hitler. The philosophy of Fascism can be traced to the philosophers who argue that the will is prior to and superior to the intellect or reason. George Sorel, Friedrich Nietzsche, and Georg Hegal are main philosophers who's beliefs and ideologies greatly influenced the shaping of Fascist theory. Sorel (1847-1922) was a French social philosopher who had a major influence on Mussolini. Sorel believed that societies naturally became decadent and disorganized. This decay could only be slowed by the leadership of idealists who were willing to use violence to obtain power. Nietzsche (1844-1900) theorized that there were two moral codes: the ruling class ( master morality) and the oppressed class (slave morality). Nietzsche believed the ancient empires were developed from t... Free Essays on Facism Fascism Fascism is a form of counter-revolutionary politics that first arose in the early part of the twentieth-century in Europe. It was a response to the rapid social upheaval, the devastation of World War I, and the Bolshevik Revolution. Fascism is a philosophy or a system of government the advocates or exercises a dictatorship of the extreme right, typically through the merging of state and business leadership, together with an ideology of aggressive nationalism. Celebrating the nation or the race as an organic community surpassing all other loyalties. This right-wing philosophy will even advocate violent action to maintain this loyalty which is held in such high regards. Fascism approaches politics in two central areas, populist and elitist. Populist in that it seeks to activate "the people" as a whole against perceived oppressors or enemies and to create a nation of unity. The elitist approach treats as putting the people’s will on one select group, or most often one supreme leader called El Duce, from whom all power proceeds downward. The two most recognized names that go along with Fascism is Italy’s Benito Mussolini and Germany’s Adolf Hitler. The philosophy of Fascism can be traced to the philosophers who argue that the will is prior to and superior to the intellect or reason. George Sorel, Friedrich Nietzsche, and Georg Hegal are main philosophers who’s beliefs and ideologies greatly influenced the shaping of Fascist theory. Sorel (1847-1922) was a French social philosopher who had a major influence on Mussolini. Sorel believed that societies naturally became decadent and disorganized. This decay could only be slowed by the leadership of idealists who were willing to use violence to obtain power. Nietzsche (1844-1900) theorized that there were two moral codes: the ruling class ( master morality) and the oppressed class (slave morality). Nietzsche believed th...

Reproductive Cloning Medicine Essay Sample

Reproductive Cloning Medicine Essay Sample Reproductive Cloning Medicine Essay Example Reproductive Cloning Medicine Essay Example In 1970, the first product of cloning process was realized. It was a sheep known as Dolly. The sheep had all the morphological features as the donor sheep. The process was successful. There was a lot of excitement among the scientists. It is ascribed to the breakthrough which was touted as the most difficult to achieve. By consequent, curiosity accrued among scientists to make other discoveries. Thus, they ventured into cloning human beings. After series of attempts, they also managed to come up with a cloned human being. The latter intrigued most scientists. However, the excitement was fleeting since a debate regarding this reproductive process cropped up. While a huge segment of people advocated for human cloning, another portion of the society condemned this process. From the unfolding above, it is categorical that the discovery of cloning human beings opened the Pandora box. It is on this premise that this discourse is hinged. The discussion highlights the ethical aspects that ma y be negatively affected by the issue of human cloning. To bolster this stand there was a decision taken by the former president of the United States of America, Bill Clinton. He condemned this process of reproduction to the extent of establishing the Anti Cloning Act of 1997. In essence, human cloning remains a danger to the ethics of the society. It is uncalled for since it disdains the general humanity as well as the Mother Nature. Hence, it should be considered unethical and must be vehemently discouraged in the society. There are various reasons as to why cloning is unethical. One of them is that cloning gives uncertain results. Numerous experiments were carried out during the process. Most of these experiments normally failed. It is a trial and error process and the chances of its success remain flimsy. It explains why, for instance, the Dolly sheep appeared after 277 tries were made. It means 276 fused eggs were subjected to this process without success (Capps Alastair 36). So many deaths of embryos were caused while trying to come up with the Dolly sheep. In cases where embryos survived to maturity, the newborn products died upon delivery. It highlights the extent to which cloning can be uncertain. Hence, it can be an extremely wasteful process. Accordingly, the process of cloning would unquestionably be detrimental to human beings. Envisage a scenario where millions of embryos are subjected to death in the process of developing human beings through cloning. Alternatively, imagine a scenario whe re children are born through cloning, only to die after delivery. Such process brings the human life into disrepute. It is true that cloned humans lack the natural aspect in them. Therefore, even if they are successfully manufactured, their lifespan is likely to be shorter in comparison to human beings born through the natural process. Uncertainty is also exhibited in the manner in which the cloned products are vulnerable to diseases; among other biological shortcomings. It has been proven that cloned products have got no adequate resistance to ecological conditions. Thus, they are susceptible to diseases, genetic damage and abnormality. Another element of uncertainty involves late manifestation of recessive genes. Under such circumstances, a whole line of people may negatively be affected by such genes. With the above facts regarding uncertainty, cloning remains a process that should not be condoned. The economical aspect of cloning is extremely wanting. It is a scientific process which involves numerous and complex procedures to succeed. It also requires expensive equipment and materials to make it successful. Engaging in large scale cloning, therefore, serves as a threat to the economy. A state which is engaged in human cloning is likely to expend too much in this complex scientific process. In addition to that, so many funds are likely to go to wastage since the percentage of success of this process is currently 1% (Smith 74). Moreover, risks that come with cloning are enormous. Cases of negligence may ensue if the process of reproduction is embraced by most states. Ultimately, it is the economy that will be impinged upon. The only viable solution is to avoid this mode and embrace the traditional way of reproduction. In any case, there is not much danger associated with natural reproduction. Intensive cloning of human beings would lead to overpopulation. Natural means of reproduction have already caused overfilling of the world with human beings. The question that pegs is why should cloning be introduced yet the number of people on earth is already huge? In case cloning is embraced, therefore, there is a high risk of adding pressure on the natural resources. The cloned humans are almost similar to natural humans when it comes to requirement for resources. It means that if cloned people are added on the globe, they will also jostle for the few resources that are sustaining the current population. It is likely to alter the food cycles and many natural processes. It may result in chaos due to shortage of natural resources. Genetic diversity is an important aspect of human beings. Unfortunately, the cloning process is likely to diminish this crucial facet. As it is known, cloning involves getting genes from a donor, which are used to create another human being. The result of this process is total similarity between the donor and the recipient. The recipient exhibits similar traits as the donor. The looks are also the same. Basically, there is no substantial discrepancy between the two beings. Considering this, it is obvious that the human beauty will be greatly affected. One of the attributes that makes life a joy to live is the diversity that characterizes humanity. Every person is born with exclusive features in all aspects. Unfortunately, cloning does not provide for these amazing features. Instead, it serves as a photocopying machine which produces the exact copy of the original product. It is a con which is unquestionably undesirable. One of the reasons why human beings can survive in most ecologic al conditions is their vast genetic makeup. It is a positive attribute that may be wiped out if cloning is embraced. Cloning creates a single species of people who have no ability to adapt in any manner. In addition, such species does not have the ability to evolve. It clearly represents that cloning could prejudice the entire natural trend which has enabled humanity to thrive in all facets. Genetic diversity is one of the cornerstones that have sustained humanity on earth. There are various potential diseases to humanity. However, these diseases have been barred from attacking human beings due to the discrepancies in genetic makeup. Such phenomenon is of a great significance as it serves as a natural shield of human beings. The worry is that cloning could create loopholes for such diseases to attack human beings. It is attributable to the ability of cloning to generate people with similar genes. It makes them susceptible to potential diseases. Religion is one of the greatest phenomena in the world. Through religion, the world has remained peaceful. In addition, religion serves as the major proponent of social norms and ethics of the society (Roetz 42). Unfortunately, cloning has posed a threat to religion. Since time immemorial, religious believes have attributed creation and destruction to God. According to the teachings of religion, no other person has the right to create apart from God. Religious societies have always taught their children that the sole creator is God. Unfortunately, the issue of human cloning is causing confusion among the religion faithful. It would be extremely difficult for the religious leaders to promulgate their messages that God is the only creator. It may occur due to the fact that cloning could exhibit that human beings can as well create other human beings. It serves a monumental threat to religion as it can make many people stop believing in religious teachings. Religious leaders are adamant that cloning should be abolished outright since it disdains humanity. It also disrepute the work of God as far as creation is concerned. Religion has sustained the world to this level. Thus, actions such as cloning should be abolished for the sake of promoting the role played by religion for the past ages. Identity crisis is another problem that cloning may hatch in the society. When a person is cloned to produce a copy of another, there is likely to be chaos as far as identification is concerned. First, the donor may lose the value he or she had before being cloned. In any case, each person is unique in his own way. When cloning is carried out, the uniqueness diminishes since two people of similar looks and traits cannot be regarded as unique (Thompson 31). Confusion as to identity may also arise where the clone may do things in the name of the donor and no one may realize this. In case of a criminal act, one may be apprehended and charged for a crime that he did not commit. These are some of the challenges that the natural way of reproduction automatically prevents. The question as to the relationship between the donor and their clone pegs too. Will the donor call the cloned being as their daughter, son, brother or sister? Such question is likened to the Pandora box. Social acceptance is a challenge that may be caused by cloning. The issue of social acceptance is twofold. Human beings are social in nature, and they would always want to be accepted wherever they are. Just like the natural beings, cloned beings would also want to be socially accepted. However, it may never come to pass. They would be regarded as people who just came into existence as organ carriers of the original people. More so, they would be regarded as secondary human beings whose existence is not through the act of God. Such perceptions could spark a row between cloned people and natural people. It is a huge threat that pro-cloning persons should consider in their quest to have cloning as a legitimate process of reproduction. On the other hand, cloning could also cause rejection of natural human beings who harbor some physical deformities. Envisage a scenario where a crippled person has a clone which is perfect with no deformity. Definitely, humanity will start despising the n atural man at the expense of the clone. In any case, the clone will appear more perfect than the natural being. It is a critical scenario that could lead to rejection of normal or natural human beings with some physical challenges. Apart from creating unbalance in the society, the social fabric is likely to be immensely affected. Parenting and family matters are likely to be distorted. Relationships also face a disruption with the introduction of cloning. The natural way of birth comes as a package of love, affection and attachment (Soraj 57). Unfortunately, cloning does not provide for these elements in a family. During cloning, fused eggs of a person are implanted in another person who has got no biological relationship with the fused egg. When they deliver, there is no single resemblance of the mother and the child. It makes the mother lack the emotional attachment to the baby. In future it weakens the family ties. Furthermore, chaos is likely to ensue in families. The natural process of reproduction enabled people to appreciate the uniqueness of each person. Whether or not the child had deformities, parents allowed them to exist. The worrying trend is likely to be ushered in cloning process. There will be v arious choices to be made. Parents, for instance, will use all means possible to get babies with utmost intelligence and extraordinary abilities. It is a huge threat to diversity since children with shortcomings will end up being disdained in the society. At the end, the equilibrium that was established by natural phenomena will be distorted. It is when humanity will start realizing problems which were not unknown before. Cloning as a reproduction process may just usher in all sorts of illegal actions. People may use this process to come up with various clones to be used in instigating illegal activities (Juviler, George Arat 108). For instance, unscrupulous people and institutions may come up with various clones to help them carry out criminal activities without being noticed. When a person, for instance, has his own clones, he may use it to commit crimes without being identified. Alternatively, black markets may be established whereby people generate and sell clones for various purposes. It can cause a huge blow to humanity since people will be perceived as property which can be manipulated in any manner as desired by the orchestrators. So many entities, nations or criminal gangs desire to have huge armies and weapons to execute their desired tasks. Cloning may be the only way to create huge armies or criminal groups. Such move is likely to add more problems to present ones, as far as security is c oncerned. Insurgents and extremists are likely to use clones to execute their heinous activities since they do not consider them as complete human beings. Extremely wealthy people involved in crime are likely to come up with their own clones for tricking law enforcers. The infamous Osama bin Laden, for instance, was believed to have clones. It gave the United States Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) and the Central Intelgence Agency (CIA) hard time to track and apprehend Osama bin Laden. However, whether the claims that Osama had own clones are true or not, it is a subject to confirmation. Nature is a complex process that no one has the ability to comprehend. Through natural acts, various activities on the globe flow in a smooth manner. Nonetheless, cloning is attempting to usurp the power of nature. Cloning processes do not involve natural means of reproduction. For a reproduction to occur a series of processes take place. Even though these processes are long, they have their roles in cementing the unity and cohesion of the society (Cole-Turner Brent 27). The process of reproduction is usually initiated by love. Human beings of opposite sex get in touch and are brought together through love. Love is an element that God put in humanity to facilitate procreation. Once the two people accept each other, they engage in mating. It is a sexual intercourse which leads to conception. Once conceived, it takes nine months for a child to be born. Nature causes unconditional love between the mother, the father and the child. From the sequence highlighted, one notes the value whic h nature brings in the natural reproduction process. More so, the natural mode of reproduction strengthens social aspect of the society. With cloning, nature is distorted since people can get children in any manner. Gays, for instance, may decide to have children through cloning, which is against the natural provisions. In conclusion, cloning is a scientific process that is slowly establishing its roots in the contemporary society. However, those propagating for it have failed to foresee the repercussions of this process. It is a process which would see people losing their identity. Also, it will lead to excessive criminal activities due to similarity of people. When allowed, cloning will cause unprecedented transgressions from the natural practices. It would lead to chaos and confusions in the society at large. Cloning has got the effect of destroying family ties; a cardinal link that holds the world together. Religion is an important element on this globe. Through the teachings of religion people are accorded a chance to leave in harmony. Nonetheless, cloning is likely to water down the religious believes that have been in existent for the past centuries. Science and technology are very important to the world. They have generated comfort in various ways such as transportation, communication, gover nance and socialization. It is a positive trend. However, these developments have also caused unprecedented problems to the world. For instance, pollution of the environment has been occasioned. Global warming is now a huge threat to humanity. These are some of the major problems that human beings have caused through their scientific errands. Just like the above scientific processes, cloning is not an exception. Inasmuch as one would think it is a positive invention, the consequences of this process are likely to cause much trouble to the current and future generations. It calls for sobriety in policy making regarding cloning.

Response paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 20

Response paper - Essay Example In addition, it is sad that her son has nothing positive but he is a lazy kid. In fact, the son behaves like a pimp because he can do nothing and just benefits from the activities carried out by her mother. To make the matter worse, the son hates the mother for being a prostitute but still benefits from her prostitution activities. For example, the son gets money from the mother and also eats what is cooked by her. It is through this kind of laziness that the son reminds her mother of his dead father making the whole scenario of the movie to depict sadness. Of more significance, the movie is filmed like a documentary. This is because there are no fictitious scenes included in the movie. The story line of the movie revolves around the ordinary life of the characters involved. The story about the single parent in the movie reminded me of the kind of life that I fear leading in my future. In addition, the movie made me to think about why my mother has always told me not to live like her. However, I do not think my life will be much different from that of hers considering the nature of life exhibited in Asian countries. On the other hand, the movie made me nervous throughout the different scenes. Even though the movie was presented ordinarily, I became nervous while watching it because I could relate the different situations happening to the characters to my personal life. Different people undergo personal experiences that are kept as a secret to them and after watching this movie, I could not judge people anymore. Anyway, the movie has captured the theme of feminism effectively. The use of Jeanne Dielman in the movie demonstrated the role of women in the society and how they should advocate for equality with men. This explains why the movie is categorized as one of the best feminist movies in history. The director of Jeanne Dielman, 23 quai du Commerce, 1080 Bruxelles was able to capture an image

Marketing strategy as a concept Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Marketing strategy as a concept - Essay Example The paper tells that marketing strategy defines the plan of the organization with reference to attracting new customers, expanding the existing market, or taking market lead. It is a comprehensive and succinct plan by the business that entails key details necessary to market the business. Formulating a marketing plan would realize the goal of creating a strong and desirable product reputation in the market. A marketing strategy provides a detailed description of the business in terms of its services or products in the market. A comprehensive marketing strategy that would ensure the targeted market consists of customers who have the highest demand for it. That helps the business to make a great investment in the market. It explains the market position of the business’ products or services and planned strategies for improvement. It outlines the customer profile and details in regards to factors that may affect the demand and services of the business. It outlines the viable tacti cs that the business may use to gain market dominance and customer rating. Among the details that may be applicable to a business is the strategy that the business plans to apply in reaching a new or currently dormant customer segment in the market. It outlines the approaches that the business intends to use in creating awareness of the products and services in the targeted or existing market. Strategic planning may be viewed in terms of strategy as design or plan in which the organization deliberate positioning through a process that involves analysis, rational structuring and attaining a directive.